In most experimental studies, lightness constancy has been found to be imperfect, to depend on articulation, and to vary considerably across observers. The data contradict We believe that all of this A large body of literature conrms that human vision exhibits The easiest way to think of lightness constancy is to In this study, we introduce factors In this study, we introduce factors The term simultaneous lightness constancy describes the capacity of the visual system to perceive equal reflecting surfaces as having the same lightness despite lying in different illumination fields. An open question The illumination-estimation hypothesis, as formulated here, predicted that after both matches the luminances of the light reflected from the test patches would be identical. Lightness constancy refers to our ability to perceive the relative reflectance of objects despite changes in illumination. We viewed one 3-D Mondrian in nearly uniform illumination, and the other in directional, nonuniform Studies of lightness constancy typically involve the comparison of two ob-jects of the same shade that have been placed under different illuminations. These methods come essentially in two forms: a The term simultaneous lightness constancy describes the capacity of the visual system to perceive equal reflecting surfaces as having the same lightness despite lying in According to What is perceived can be closely approximated by a DOG model. that theoretical work indicates are used for lightness constancy, such as lighting direction [4]. Two of these changes (Blue and Yellow) were consistent with the statistics of daylight, The limits to lightness constancy can be measured by the accuracy with which human observers estimate the reflectance of an object as a function of various illumination Asymmetric lightness matching was employed to measure how the visual system assigns lightness to surface patches seen through partially-transmissive surfaces. An intuitive solution is that the visual system can determine lightnesses of surfaces within a scene by first estimating the illuminant. When attention is restricted to grayscale stimuli, the term lightness constancy is often used in-stead. The lower plot on the right shows the Studies of lightness constancy typically involve the comparison of two objects of the same shade that have been placed under different illuminations. color constancy. These achromatic lumincances simply refer to the amount of white light an An achromatic surface in a complex scene has In some cases, however, a lightness constancy failure occurs; that is, equal reflecting surfaces appear different in lightness when differently illuminated. In research on lightness (achromatic surface color), phenomenal outcome is most often measured using matching methods. We measured both lightness and brightness constancy with fixed luminance ratios between test and annular fields under conditions varying in stimulus duration and adaptation. The easiest way to think of lightness constancy is to think of it along the continuum from black to gray to white. Lightness We studied color constancy using a pair of identical 3-D Color Mondrian displays. 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